%nprocshared=8 %mem=1GB # opt=(calcfc,ts,noeigen) freq b3lyp/genecp TS-CMD 0 1 Pd 0.59565400 0.36963100 0.05863000 O 1.86198100 -1.26662300 -0.17451200 C 2.90100500 -0.53519300 0.01681300 O 2.73481600 0.70458700 0.23791700 O -0.21283400 2.22711800 0.35228700 C -1.34622500 2.53909800 -0.13539300 O -2.13834200 1.72377900 -0.69333500 C 4.27120600 -1.14825500 -0.04614900 H 4.27208000 -2.11232600 0.47007400 H 4.53853300 -1.32973500 -1.09371500 H 5.00811800 -0.47546800 0.39733900 C -1.75339000 3.99454000 -0.05260300 H -1.16084400 4.51867300 0.69865400 H -1.58044300 4.46093100 -1.02920000 H -2.82006300 4.07027900 0.17130300 C -1.23988000 -0.69067200 -0.13515300 C -1.80423300 -1.07198500 1.10540700 C -2.38787900 -2.32560700 1.27472700 C -2.42315700 -3.22234500 0.20238800 C -1.88208900 -2.86719700 -1.03850300 C -1.28947000 -1.61861400 -1.20227100 H -1.61608700 0.51666400 -0.48859700 H -1.79661000 -0.36620600 1.93261500 H -2.81658100 -2.60577400 2.23320800 H -2.88024400 -4.20024600 0.33140200 H -1.92170500 -3.56707000 -1.86885700 H -0.86654800 -1.34623200 -2.16566700 C H O 0 6-31G* **** Pd 0 LanL2DZ **** Pd 0 LanL2DZ # 所有空白行都是特意的,不要忽略 # 注意:第3行的genecp表示这里使用赝势基组
%nprocshared=8 %mem=1GB # opt=(noeigen,calcfc,ts) b3lyp/genecp freq TS-Outbase -1 1 Pd 0.49923800 0.09377200 0.34821800 O -1.13652000 -0.89383300 1.21547200 C -1.93226300 0.09732200 1.04424900 O -1.51706700 1.17185200 0.52930000 O 2.24376500 0.77849000 -2.36818100 C 2.26075600 1.63445800 -1.48667800 O 1.78051700 1.53740500 -0.27893200 C -3.38182900 -0.07172600 1.44355400 H -3.86248500 0.90361700 1.55210200 H -3.90352900 -0.63968500 0.66418700 H -3.45445300 -0.64126500 2.37469400 C 2.91250300 3.00375400 -1.72574200 H 2.16133600 3.79563500 -1.62725100 H 3.68441800 3.19356100 -0.97162100 H 3.35316700 3.03767200 -2.72521200 C 1.97054400 -1.28904300 0.65013600 C 3.25062400 -1.15839000 0.06703000 C 4.36845300 -1.71154800 0.68953100 C 4.23193900 -2.39235300 1.90362400 C 2.96905900 -2.54784800 2.48310600 C 1.84501300 -2.01222400 1.85743300 H 1.04455600 -1.82565900 -0.34303400 H 3.33953400 -0.64992000 -0.88673600 H 5.34908700 -1.61469000 0.22775200 H 5.10826400 -2.81772000 2.38960400 H 2.86024200 -3.10225100 3.41270400 H 0.85574200 -2.17597900 2.27046700 C -0.11008200 -3.81536100 -0.81474800 O 0.08220200 -4.19456700 0.34233100 O 0.29730300 -2.71757500 -1.37383400 C -0.93381100 -4.68544100 -1.78451200 H -1.88616800 -4.18837100 -2.00628900 H -0.40479600 -4.80858300 -2.73605600 H -1.13370600 -5.66332700 -1.33735400 C H O 0 6-31G* **** Pd 0 LanL2DZ **** Pd 0 LanL2DZ # 所有空白行都是特意的,不要忽略 # 注意:第3行的genecp表示这里使用赝势基组
%nprocshared=8 %mem=1GB # opt=(noeigen,calcfc,ts) b3lyp/genecp freq TS-Metathesis 0 1 Pd 0.31866200 -0.36420400 -0.37886000 O -1.63503900 -1.10718100 -0.18306700 C -2.12225500 0.07685700 -0.23728600 O -1.32635600 1.06050400 -0.36910800 O 2.32297100 0.97180300 1.50006600 C 2.48902200 1.22045300 0.32478600 O 1.86741700 0.54521800 -0.68328400 C -3.61009100 0.28791100 -0.17731400 H -3.83518100 1.23475000 0.31980000 H -4.00716600 0.33697300 -1.19826400 H -4.09167400 -0.54370400 0.34211900 C 3.40394900 2.29641100 -0.21602900 H 4.08703300 1.87894900 -0.96246900 H 2.80486600 3.06506900 -0.71632600 H 3.96742400 2.74434900 0.60406700 C 1.56893400 -1.98107800 -0.29269300 C 1.30233100 -2.93000700 -1.30906200 C 1.09430700 -4.26593200 -0.98296100 C 1.17347000 -4.67251600 0.35559500 C 1.47016100 -3.75701900 1.37069600 C 1.68131300 -2.41801700 1.04990100 H 2.24754100 -0.83959600 -0.61778500 H 1.25117200 -2.60695300 -2.34513000 H 0.87491000 -4.99364300 -1.75911700 H 1.00878700 -5.71725300 0.60728700 H 1.53883100 -4.09186400 2.40183100 H 1.92730100 -1.69198800 1.81891600 C H O 0 6-31G* **** Pd 0 LanL2DZ **** Pd 0 LanL2DZ # 所有空白行都是特意的,不要忽略 # 注意:第3行的genecp表示这里使用赝势基组
下图为优化得到的过渡态结构:
总结
我们绘制了三种断键模式下的势能面(下图),可以看出,σ- 复分解机理的路径(红色路径)有着远高于其他两种路径的能垒,在这个例子中,尽管我们看到外源碱辅助的去质子化路径有着最低的能垒(黑色路径),但在实际研究中,我们还需要考虑形成游离的布朗斯特碱所需要的能垒。为了方便说明,在这里,我们已经把配体类型尽可能做了简化,在研究中,通常还会加入其他的配体类型(比如 N 杂环配体),但基本的研究思路还是与我们的介绍一致。